Temperature Scales: History and Use
Celsius (°C)
Created by Anders Celsius in 1742, it is the most used scale in the world. It is based on the freezing (0 °C) and boiling (100 °C) points of water.
Fahrenheit (°F)
Proposed by Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit in 1724, it is used in the USA. Its original reference points were the temperature of a mixture of ice and salt (0 °F) and the temperature of the human body.
Kelvin (K)
Developed by Lord Kelvin in 1848, it is the absolute scale. Its zero point (0 K) is absolute zero, the coldest possible temperature. It is the standard for science.
Conversion Formulas
- Celsius to Fahrenheit: (°C × 9/5) + 32 = °F
- Fahrenheit to Celsius: (°F - 32) × 5/9 = °C
- Celsius to Kelvin: °C + 273.15 = K
- Kelvin to Celsius: K - 273.15 = °C